In Japan, the Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) system has undergone significant regulatory changes to ensure compliance with updated radio frequency standards and to enhance security measures. These changes are governed by the Radio Law, which mandates that all radio equipment, including ETC on-board units, adhere to specific technical standards to prevent interference and ensure safe operation.

Key Regulatory Changes:

  1. Spurious Emission Standards (Effective December 1, 2022):

    • Background: The Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC) revised the Radio Law to tighten regulations on spurious emissions—unintended radio frequency emissions that can interfere with other communications.
    • Impact on ETC Devices: ETC on-board units manufactured before 2007 may not meet the updated spurious emission standards. Continued use of these non-compliant devices constitutes a violation of the Radio Law. While these units may still function in terms of communication, their legal operation is prohibited.
       

  2. Security Standard Enhancements (Planned for 2030):

    • Upcoming Changes: In addition to addressing spurious emissions, the MIC plans to implement new security standards for ETC devices by around 2030. These enhancements aim to bolster the security of ETC transactions and protect user data.
       
    • Anticipated Impact: A broader range of ETC units, including those currently in use, may become non-compliant under the new security standards, necessitating further upgrades or replacements.

Identifying Non-Compliant ETC Devices:

  • Manufacture Date: ETC units produced before 2007 are likely to be non-compliant with the updated spurious emission standards.
  • Verification Methods:
    • Device Information: Check the device's body, serial number, and setup documentation for manufacturing details.
    • Manufacturer Consultation: Contact the device manufacturer or visit authorized car accessory retailers like Autobacs or Yellow Hat for assistance in determining compliance.

Compliance Obligations:

  • Legal Implications: Operating a non-compliant ETC device is a violation of the Radio Law, which may result in penalties.
  • Recommended Actions: Users of older ETC units should promptly verify their device's compliance status and, if necessary, replace it with a model that meets current standards.

Support and Resources:

  • Retailer Assistance: Authorized retailers can provide guidance on compliant ETC devices and assist with installations.
  • Manufacturer Support: Device manufacturers often offer information on compliance and may provide upgrade options.

Staying informed about these regulatory changes is crucial for ETC users to ensure legal compliance and uninterrupted service on Japan's highways.